Incoterms
EXW
(Ex Works) (...Named Place): A Term of Sale which means that
the seller fulfills the obligation to deliver when he or she
has made the goods available at his/her premises (i.e., works,
factory, warehouse, etc.) to the buyer. In particular, the
seller is not responsible for loading the goods in the vehicle
provided by the buyer or for clearing the goods for export,
unless otherwise agreed. The buyer bears all costs and risks
involved in taking the goods from the seller's premises to
the desired destination. This term thus represents the minimum
obligation for the seller.
El
vendedor ha cumplido su obligación de entrega al poner
la mercadería en su fábrica, taller, etc. a
disposición del comprador. No es responsable ni de
cargar la mercadería en el vehículo proporcionado
por el comprador ni de despacharla de aduana para la exportación,
salvo acuerdo en otro sentido. El comprador soporta todos
los gastos y riesgos de retirar la mercadería desde
el domicilio del vendedor hasta su destino final.
FCA
(Free Carrier) (... Named Place): A Term of Sale which means
the seller fulfills their obligation when he or she has handed
over the goods, cleared for export, into the charge of the
carrier named by the buyer at the named place or point. If
no precise point is indicated by the buyer, the seller may
choose, within the place or range stipulated, where the carrier
should take the goods into their charge.
El
vendedor cumple con su obligación al poner la mercadería
en el lugar fijado, a cargo del transportista, luego de su
despacho de aduana para la exportación. Si el comprador
no ha fijado ningún punto específico, el vendedor
puede elegir dentro de la zona estipulada el punto donde el
transportista se hará cargo de la mercadería.
Este término puede usarse con cualquier modo de transporte,
incluído el multimodal.
FAS
(Free Alongside Ship) (...Named Port of Shipment): A Term
of Sale which means the seller fulfills his obligation to
deliver when the goods have been placed alongside the vessel
on the quay or in lighters at the named port of shipment.This
means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss
of or damage to the goods from that moment.
La
abreviatura va seguida del nombre del puerto de embarque.
El precio de la mercadería se entiende puesta a lo
largo (costado) del navío en el puerto convenido, sobre
el muelle o en barcazas, con todos los gastos y riesgos hasta
dicho punto a cargo del vendedor. El comprador debe despachar
la mercadería en aduana. Este término puede
usarse solamente para el transporte por mar o vías
acuáticas interiores.
FOB
(Free On Board) (...Named Port of Shipment): An International
Term of Sale that means the seller fulfills his or her obligation
to deliver when the goods have passed over the ship's rail
at the named port of shipment. This means that the buyer has
to bear all costs and risks to loss of or damage to the goods
from that point. The FOB term requires the seller to clear
the goods for export.
La
abreviatura va seguida del puerto de embarque, ej. F.O.B.
Buenos Aires. Significa que la mercadería es puesta
a bordo del barco con todos los gastos, derechos y riesgos
a cargo del vendedor hasta que la mercadería haya pasado
la borda del barco, con el flete excluído. Exige que
el vendedor despache la mercadería de exportación.
Este término puede usarse solamente para el transporte
por mar o vías acuáticas interiores.
CFR
(Cost and Freight) (...Named Port of Destination): A Term
of Sale where the seller pays the costs and freight necessary
to bring the goods to the named port of destination, Terms
of Sale but the risk of loss of or damage to the goods, as
(continued) well as any additional costs due to events occurring
after the time the goods have been delivered on board the
vessel, is transferred from the seller to the buyer when the
goods pass the ship's rail in the port of shipment. The CFR
term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
La
abreviatura va seguida del nombre del puerto de destino. El
precio comprende la mercadería puesta en puerto de
destino, con flete pagado pero seguro no cubierto. El vendedor
debe despachar la mercadería en Aduana y solamente
puede usarse en el caso de transporte por mar o vías
navegables interiores.
CIF
(Cost, Insurance and Freight) (...Named Place of Destination):
A Term of Sale where the seller has the same obligations as
under the CFR but also has to procure marine insurance against
the buyer's risk of loss or damage to the goods during the
carriage. The seller contracts for insurance and pays the
insurance premium. The CIF term requires the seller to clear
the goods for export.
La
abreviatura va seguida del nombre del puerto de destino y
el precio incluye la mercadería puesta en puerto de
destino con flete pagado y seguro cubierto. El vendedor contrata
el seguro y paga la prima correspondiente. El vendedor sólo
está obligado a conseguir un seguro con cobertura mínima.
CPT
(Carriage Paid To) (...Named Place of Destination): A Term
of Sale which means the seller pays the freight for the carriage
of the goods to the named destination. The risk of loss of
or damage to the goods, as well as any additional costs due
to events occurring after the time the goods have been delivered
to the carrier, is transferred from the seller to the buyer
when the goods have been delivered into the custody of the
carrier. If subsequent carriers are used for the carriage
to the agreed upon destination, the risk passes when the goods
have been delivered to the first carrier. The CPT term requires
the seller to clear the goods for export.
El
vendedor paga el flete del transporte de la mercadería
hasta el destino mencionado. El riesgo de pérdida o
daño se transfiere del vendedor al comprador cuando
la mercadería ha sido entregada al transportista. El
vendedor debe despachar la mercadería para su exportación.
CIP
(Carriage and Insurance Paid To) (...Named Place of Destination):
A Term of Sale which means the seller has the same obligations
as under CPT, but with the addition that the seller has to
procure cargo insurance against the buyer's risk of loss of
or damage to the goods during the carriage. The seller contracts
for insurance and pays the insurance premium. The buyer should
note that under the CIP term the seller is required to obtain
insurance only on minimum coverage. The CIP term requires
the seller to clear the goods for export.
El
vendedor tiene las mismas obligaciones que bajo CPT, pero
además debe conseguir un seguro a su cargo.
DAF
(Delivered At Frontier) (...Named Place): A Term of Sale which
means the sellers fulfill their obligation to deliver when
the goods have been made available, cleared for export, at
the named point and placed at the frontier, but before the
customs Terms of Sale border of the adjoining country.
El
vendedor cumple con su obligación cuando entrega la
mercadería, despachada en aduana, en el lugar convenido
de la frontera pero antes de la aduana fronteriza del país
colindante. Es fundamental indicar con precisión el
punto de la frontera correspondiente.
DDU
(Delivered Duty Unpaid) (...Named Port of Destination): A
Term of Sale where the seller fulfills his obligation to deliver
when the goods have been made available at the named place
in the country of importation. The seller has to bear the
costs and risks involved in bringing the goods thereto (excluding
duties, taxes and other official charges payable upon importation)
as well as the costs and risks of carrying out customs formalities.
The buyer has to pay any additional costs and to bear any
risks caused by failure to clear the goods for in time.
El
vendedor cumple con su obligación cuando pone la mercadería
a disposición del comprador en el lugar convenido en
el país de importación. El vendedor asume todos
los gastos y riesgos relacionados con la entrega de la mercadería
hasta ese sitio (excluídos derechos, cargas oficiales
e impuestos), así como de los gastos y riesgos de llevar
a cabo las formalidades aduaneras.
DDP
(Delivered Duty paid) (...Named Port of Destination): "Delivered
Duty Paid" means that the seller fulfills his obligation
to deliver when the goods have been made available at the
named place in the country of importation. The seller has
to bear the risks and costs, including duties, taxes and other
charges of delivering the goods thereto, clear for importation.
While the EXW term represents the minimum obligation for the
seller, DDP represents the maximum.
El
vendedor asume las mismas obligaciones que en D.D.U. más
los derechos, impuestos y cargas necesarias para llevar la
mercadería hasta el lugar convenido.
DES
(Delivered Ex Ship) (...Named Port of Destination): A Term
of Sale where the seller fulfills his/her obligation to deliver
when the goods have been made available to the buyer on board
the ship, uncleared for import at the named port of destination.
The seller has to bear all the costs and risks involved in
bringing the goods to the named port destination.
El
vendedor cumple con su obligación cuando pone la mercadería
a disposición del comprador a bordo del buque en el
puerto de destino, sin despacharla en aduana para la importación.
DEQ
(Delivered Ex Quay, [Duty Paid]) (...Named Port of Destination):
A Term of Sale which means the DDU term has been fulfilled
when the goods have been available to the buyer on the quay
(wharf) at the named port of destination, cleared for importation.
The seller has to bear all risks and costs including duties,
taxes and other charges of delivering the goods thereto.
El
vendedor cumple con su obligación cuando pone la mercadería
a disposición del comprador sobre el muelle en el puerto
de destino convenido, despachada en aduana para la importación.
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